Death toll in Iran protests reaches 4,519, over 9,000 more deaths under investigation: US-based rights group

The death toll from nationwide protests in Iran has risen to at least 4,519, according to the latest report from the U.S.-based Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA). The group also stated that 9,049 additional deaths are currently under investigation, warning that the true toll may be significantly higher due to widespread internet blackouts, security repression, and restricted information access.

Rising Arrests and Injuries Amid Sustained Unrest

HRANA's data, compiled on the 24th day of demonstrations, indicates at least 26,314 arrests and 5,811 serious injuries since protests began on December 28. The unrest was initially triggered by the sharp depreciation of the Iranian rial and deteriorating economic conditions but has since evolved into broader anti-government mobilization. Iranian authorities have not released official casualty figures and have instead blamed the United States and Israel for supporting what they call “armed rioters.”

Internet Blackouts and Information Control

A near-total internet shutdown, now exceeding 140 hours in many regions, has severely limited independent verification of events on the ground. HRANA emphasized that its figures are recorded under conditions of heavy security pressure and systematic digital censorship, suggesting the actual scale of casualties and detentions may be underreported.

International Response and U.S. Stance

U.S. President Donald Trump has repeatedly warned Iran against cracking down on protesters, threatening to “hit hard” if killings continued. More recently, he acknowledged reports that Tehran had canceled hundreds of scheduled executions, framing it as a positive step while maintaining pressure on the Iranian government. The escalating casualty numbers are likely to intensify international calls for an independent investigation and accountability.

Humanitarian and Political Implications

With thousands confirmed dead, tens of thousands detained, and families often unable to locate missing relatives, the human rights situation continues to deteriorate sharply. The scale and duration of the protests—and the state’s harsh response—point to a profound crisis of legitimacy and governance, with potential long-term implications for Iran’s domestic stability and international standing.