Archaeologists Uncover Roman Theater's Hidden Passages in Türkiye

Archaeological excavations at the ancient Roman theater in Iznik, northwestern Türkiye, have uncovered significant new findings including elaborate marble pavements, drainage systems, and access passages. The discoveries emerged during this year's dig led by Dokuz Eylul University archaeologists at the 2,000-year-old structure in Bursa province.

The excavation team working along the theater's western perimeter revealed well-preserved entrance and exit passages alongside sophisticated marble paving and an ancient drainage network. According to head archaeologist Aygun Ekin Meric, the current excavation season is approaching completion, with the protected site yielding important insights into the theater's complex history and architectural sophistication.

The theater, originally capable of seating approximately 10,000 spectators for gladiator contests and fashion displays during the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, underwent a remarkable transformation into a religious center. "Especially in the 4th and 5th centuries, the theater entered a phase of religious use," Meric explained, noting the presence of crosses, wreaths, and a fresco depicting the Virgin Mary with infant Jesus among the earliest such examples in Anatolia.

The site's religious significance intensified following the First Council of Nicaea in 325 AD, with the theater potentially hosting some sessions attended by nearly 300 clergymen. "While the basilica is generally emphasized, we believe a few of the sessions might have been held in the theater, as Christian frescoes and symbols have been found inside the structure," Meric stated, highlighting Iznik's crucial role in early Christian development.

The Iznik Roman Theater represents an architectural marvel as the only known structure in Anatolia constructed entirely on flat ground using vaults without slope support. Measuring 102 by 79 meters and standing 24 meters tall, the three-story complex has drawn approximately 90,000 visitors since reopening in March 2024 following restoration work initiated in the 1980s. Future projects aim to restore the eastern and western colonnaded galleries that once hosted various activities and receptions.